Citizen science and ICT for the sustainable management of domestic wetlands: a narrative review

Abstract

The objective of this study is to analyze the integration of information and communication technologies (ICT) and citizen science (CCS) in the management of constructed wetlands (CWs). A narrative review of the literature indexed in Scopus and Google Scholar was conducted. Twelve studies were examined under three analytical axes: i) type of ICT used, ii) citizen participation level, iii) socio-environmental benefits, and limitations. Most initiatives were found at the contributory level, conceiving citizens as data generators. The identified ICTs include visual tools, mobile applications, online platforms, and low-cost sensor systems, contributing to continuous monitoring and environmental education. The identified barriers to public participation were the digital divide, a lack of technical training, and limited connectivity in vulnerable regions. The trends revealed are a) technological advances in environmental monitoring, b) the strengthening of CCS as a governance tool, and c) the incipient application of these strategies in CWs. It is concluded that the synergy between ICT and community participation can enhance the sustainability of CWs. Digital inclusion, technical support programs, and public policies that strengthen their implementation are crucial. Pilot projects, decentralized monitoring networks, and digital literacy programs to support water management in vulnerable contexts are recommended.